Haris Riyaz

Before we talk about Consensus Translation Layers, let’s understand the word "consensus" in blockchain. In simple terms, consensus is how blockchain nodes agree on what happened—like who sent how much money to whom. Bitcoin uses a method called Proof of Work to reach this agreement. Every

The Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC) protocol lets different blockchains talk to each other. But for this communication to happen smoothly, there needs to be someone in the middle making sure the messages get delivered. That "someone" is called a Relayer. Let’s break down how relayers work and how

In blockchains, every transaction is stored as data. For a Rollup (a type of Layer 2 scaling solution), it's super important that this data is available to everyone. Why? Because if users or validators can’t see the data, they can’t verify if the Rollup is behaving

As the internet grows, so does the demand for secure storage and powerful computing. But the old, centralized way—where big tech companies own and control everything—is being replaced. A new solution is rising: decentralized storage and compute. Let’s break this down in simple terms. What Is Decentralized

What is Quantum Resistance? Quantum resistance means protecting blockchains from future quantum computers. These powerful computers can break current cryptographic systems that keep blockchains secure. So, we need to prepare for a time when quantum computers become real and common. Why is Blockchain Security Important? Blockchains use cryptography (a kind